# Raiz\_\_Up Joined Aug 2017·Last battle now·Updated now [![uk](https://unicum.gg/_next/image?url=%2Fflags%2Fl%2FUA.svg&w=64&q=75&dpl=1c41704aee7c)](https://unicum.gg/players/lang/uk.md) [ \[LUSID\] LUSID Junior Officer · joined 17 Aug 2026 ![LUSID emblem](https://unicum.gg/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Feu.wargaming.net%2Fclans%2Fmedia%2Fclans%2Femblems%2Fcl_117%2F500243117%2Femblem_195x195.png&w=640&q=75) ](https://unicum.gg/eu/clans/LUSID.md) [Overview](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up.md)[Tanks (206)](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md)[Sessions](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/sessions.md)[Achievements (187)](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/achievements.md)[Tournaments (6)](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tournaments.md)[Valuebeta](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/value.md) [Random Battles](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up.md)[Skirmish](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/skirmish.md)[Advances](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/advances.md)[Grand Battles](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/grand.md)[Ranked Battles](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/ranked.md)[Clan Wars X](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/cw-x.md)[Clan Wars VIII](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/cw-viii.md)[Clan Wars VI](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/cw-vi.md)[Steel Hunter](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/steel-hunter.md)[Onslaught](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/onslaught.md) ## Raiz\_\_Up’s random battles stats · Overall | Stat | Total | Last 24h | Last 7d | Last 30d | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | [Battles](https://unicum.gg/glossary/battles.md) | 49,692 | 21 | 112 | 417 | | [Tier](https://unicum.gg/glossary/average-tier.md) | 9.18 | 10.06 | 10.32 | 10.02 | | Wins | 29,491 | 59.35% | 12 | 57.14% | 62 | 55.36% | 258 | 61.87% | | Losses | 19,476 | 39.19% | 9 | 42.86% | 50 | 44.64% | 157 | 37.65% | | Draws | 725 | 1.46% | 0 | 0.00% | 0 | 0.00% | 2 | 0.48% | | [Battles survived](https://unicum.gg/glossary/survival-rate.md) | 19,170 | 38.58% | 9 | 42.86% | 36 | 32.14% | 157 | 37.65% | | [Tanks destroyed](https://unicum.gg/glossary/kills-per-battle.md) | 70,510 | 1.42 | 20 | 0.95 | 116 | 1.04 | 517 | 1.24 | | [Destruction ratio](https://unicum.gg/glossary/destruction-ratio.md) | 2.31 | 1.67 | 1.53 | 1.99 | | [Tanks spotted](https://unicum.gg/glossary/spotting.md) | 74,269 | 1.49 | 29 | 1.38 | 144 | 1.29 | 505 | 1.21 | | [Damages](https://unicum.gg/glossary/dpg.md) | 2,712.14 | 3,224.48 | 3,108.24 | 3,358.97 | | [Track damages](https://unicum.gg/glossary/assistance-damage.md) | 95.21 | 73.11 | 41.74 | 67.30 | | [Spotting damages](https://unicum.gg/glossary/assistance-damage.md) | 528.73 | 612.94 | 530.32 | 473.31 | | [Assisting damages](https://unicum.gg/glossary/assistance-damage.md) | 623.94 | 686.06 | 572.06 | 540.61 | | [Combined damages](https://unicum.gg/glossary/combined-damage.md) | 3,336.04 | 4,169.39 | 3,741.06 | 3,919.29 | | [Base capture](https://unicum.gg/glossary/base-capture.md) | 9,391 | 0.19 | 13 | 0.62 | 143 | 1.28 | 310 | 0.74 | | [Base defense](https://unicum.gg/glossary/base-defense.md) | 37,830 | 0.76 | 0 | 0.00 | 11 | 0.10 | 76 | 0.18 | | [Experience](https://unicum.gg/glossary/experience.md) | 1,032.92 | 1,042.90 | 1,027.45 | 1,124.67 | | [Hit rate](https://unicum.gg/glossary/hit-ratio.md) | 75.33% | 75.22% | 79.57% | 79.23% | | [Personal rating](https://unicum.gg/glossary/personal-rating.md) | 11,551 | 0 | 0 | +9 | | [World of Tanks Rating](https://unicum.gg/glossary/wtr.md) | 9,406 | \-1 | \-7 | \-4 | | [WN7](https://unicum.gg/glossary/wn7.md) | 1,896.77 | 1,548.18 | 1,490.01 | 1,763.99 | | [WN8](https://unicum.gg/glossary/wn8.md) | 3,194.06 | 3,032.00 | 2,574.62 | 2,993.48 | | [WNX](https://unicum.gg/glossary/wnx.md) | 3,182.35 | 3,321.67 | 2,657.63 | 3,102.57 | ## Raiz\_\_Up’s WNX progression Solid line is overall WNX (matches the Total column above), drifting slowly as new battles accumulate. Dashed line is per-session WNX, computed from the battles played since the previous snapshot. It shows hot and cold streaks. Line color follows the rating tier. ## Tanks shaping Raiz\_\_Up’s rating 🚀 Lifting the ratingWNX Tanks that prop the overall up: dropping them would lower the rating. - ![](https://unicum.gg/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Feu-wotp.wgcdn.co%2Fdcont%2Ftankopedia_images%2Fa63_m46_patton%2Fa63_m46_patton_icon.svg&w=64&q=75) M46 Patton Tier IX· 1,212 battles 4,013.11−19.41 if removed - ![](https://unicum.gg/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Feu-wotp.wgcdn.co%2Fdcont%2Ftankopedia_images%2Fch41_wz_111_5a%2Fch41_wz_111_5a_icon.svg&w=64&q=75) WZ-111 model 5A Tier X· 2,159 battles 3,409.40−13.14 if removed - ![](https://unicum.gg/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Feu-wotp.wgcdn.co%2Fdcont%2Ftankopedia_images%2Fch67_bz_79%2Fch67_bz_79_icon.svg&w=64&q=75) BZ-79 Tier XI· 547 battles 3,927.16−11.33 if removed - ![](https://unicum.gg/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Feu-wotp.wgcdn.co%2Fdcont%2Ftankopedia_images%2Fr148_object_430_u%2Fr148_object_430_u_icon.svg&w=64&q=75) Object 430U Tier X· 777 battles 3,773.30−11.15 if removed - ![](https://unicum.gg/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Feu-wotp.wgcdn.co%2Fdcont%2Ftankopedia_images%2Ff64_amx_50fosh_b%2Ff64_amx_50fosh_b_icon.svg&w=64&q=75) AMX 50 Foch B Tier X· 520 battles 3,919.33−9.14 if removed ⚓ Dragging the ratingWNX Tanks that weigh the overall down: dropping them would raise the rating. - ![](https://unicum.gg/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Feu-wotp.wgcdn.co%2Fdcont%2Ftankopedia_images%2Ff108_panhard_ebr_105%2Ff108_panhard_ebr_105_icon.svg&w=64&q=75) Panhard EBR 105 Tier X· 542 battles 1,924.98+15.30 if removed - ![](https://unicum.gg/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Feu-wotp.wgcdn.co%2Fdcont%2Ftankopedia_images%2Fr132_vnii_100lt%2Fr132_vnii_100lt_icon.svg&w=64&q=75) T-100 LT Tier X· 361 battles 2,257.41+8.08 if removed - ![](https://unicum.gg/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Feu-wotp.wgcdn.co%2Fdcont%2Ftankopedia_images%2Fg114_rheinmetall_skorpian%2Fg114_rheinmetall_skorpian_icon.svg&w=64&q=75) Rheinmetall Skorpion G Tier VIII· 1,333 battles 2,737.26+7.96 if removed - ![](https://unicum.gg/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Feu-wotp.wgcdn.co%2Fdcont%2Ftankopedia_images%2Ff10_amx_50b%2Ff10_amx_50b_icon.svg&w=64&q=75) AMX 50 B Tier X· 690 battles 2,756.20+7.14 if removed - ![](https://unicum.gg/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Feu-wotp.wgcdn.co%2Fdcont%2Ftankopedia_images%2Ff16_amx_13_75%2Ff16_amx_13_75_icon.svg&w=64&q=75) AMX 13 75 Tier VII· 1,017 battles 3,010.24+6.21 if removed ## Raiz\_\_Up’s marks and mastery Marks of Excellence434136 Vehicles by the marks on their gun. A mark is a sustained average: the game scores it on a rolling window of recent battles against what the region does on that vehicle. | Tier | None | | | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | XI | [3](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=11&moe=0) | [3](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=11&moe=1) | [2](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=11&moe=2) | [6](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=11&moe=3) | | X | [5](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=10&moe=0) | [16](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=10&moe=1) | [18](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=10&moe=2) | [15](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=10&moe=3) | | IX | [16](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=9&moe=0) | [10](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=9&moe=1) | [8](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=9&moe=2) | [8](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=9&moe=3) | | VIII | [24](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=8&moe=0) | [7](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=8&moe=1) | [11](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=8&moe=2) | [6](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=8&moe=3) | | VII | [6](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=7&moe=0) | [3](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=7&moe=1) | [1](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=7&moe=2) | [1](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=7&moe=3) | | VI | [6](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=6&moe=0) | [3](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=6&moe=1) | [1](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=6&moe=2) | — | | V | [5](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=5&moe=0) | [1](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=5&moe=1) | — | — | | IV | [5](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=4&moe=0) | — | — | — | | III | [8](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=3&moe=0) | — | — | — | | II | [1](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=2&moe=0) | — | — | — | | I | [3](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=1&moe=0) | — | — | — | Marks read for 202 of 206 vehicles. The rest fill in as the account is refreshed. Marks of Mastery113rd Class252nd Class281st Class134Ace Tanker Vehicles by their best badge. A badge is one battle rather than an average: the game awards it on a single game’s experience against what the region scores on that vehicle. | Tier | None | 3rd Class | 2nd Class | 1st Class | Ace Tanker | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | XI | — | [1](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=11&mom=1) | [2](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=11&mom=2) | [4](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=11&mom=3) | [9](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=11&mom=4) | | X | — | — | [3](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=10&mom=2) | [7](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=10&mom=3) | [45](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=10&mom=4) | | IX | [1](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=9&mom=0) | [2](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=9&mom=1) | [4](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=9&mom=2) | [6](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=9&mom=3) | [29](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=9&mom=4) | | VIII | [2](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=8&mom=0) | [2](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=8&mom=1) | [7](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=8&mom=2) | [7](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=8&mom=3) | [31](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=8&mom=4) | | VII | — | [2](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=7&mom=1) | [2](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=7&mom=2) | — | [7](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=7&mom=4) | | VI | — | — | [2](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=6&mom=2) | [1](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=6&mom=3) | [7](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=6&mom=4) | | V | [1](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=5&mom=0) | [1](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=5&mom=1) | [1](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=5&mom=2) | [1](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=5&mom=3) | [2](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=5&mom=4) | | IV | [1](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=4&mom=0) | [1](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=4&mom=1) | [1](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=4&mom=2) | [1](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=4&mom=3) | [1](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=4&mom=4) | | III | — | [2](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=3&mom=1) | [2](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=3&mom=2) | [1](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=3&mom=3) | [3](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=3&mom=4) | | II | — | — | [1](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=2&mom=2) | — | — | | I | [3](https://unicum.gg/eu/players/Raiz__Up/tanks.md?tier=1&mom=0) | — | — | — | — | 134 of 206 vehicles carry an Ace Tanker (65% of the garage). Playing above the gun Vehicles whose combined damage already clears a mark they do not carry. The badge is that combined damage, coloured by the mark it clears. - ![](https://unicum.gg/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Feu-wotp.wgcdn.co%2Fdcont%2Ftankopedia_images%2Fpl05_50tp_tyszkiewicza%2Fpl05_50tp_tyszkiewicza_icon.svg&w=64&q=75) [50TP Tyszkiewicza](https://unicum.gg/eu/tanks/50tp.md) Tier IX· 44 battles 3,056the gun carries none - ![](https://unicum.gg/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Feu-wotp.wgcdn.co%2Fdcont%2Ftankopedia_images%2Fit10_p43_bis%2Fit10_p43_bis_icon.svg&w=64&q=75) [P.43 bis](https://unicum.gg/eu/tanks/p-43-bis.md) Tier VI· 27 battles 1,601the gun carries none - ![](https://unicum.gg/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Feu-wotp.wgcdn.co%2Fdcont%2Ftankopedia_images%2Fpl22_cs_59%2Fpl22_cs_59_icon.svg&w=64&q=75) [CS-59](https://unicum.gg/eu/tanks/cs-59.md) Tier IX· 37 battles 2,935the gun carries none - ![](https://unicum.gg/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Feu-wotp.wgcdn.co%2Fdcont%2Ftankopedia_images%2Fch43_wz_122_2%2Fch43_wz_122_2_icon.svg&w=64&q=75) [122 TM](https://unicum.gg/eu/tanks/122-tm.md) Tier VIII· 31 battles 2,693the gun carries none - ![](https://unicum.gg/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Feu-wotp.wgcdn.co%2Fdcont%2Ftankopedia_images%2Fa189_ares_90%2Fa189_ares_90_icon.svg&w=64&q=75) [Ares 90](https://unicum.gg/eu/tanks/ares-90.md) Tier X· 76 battles 3,314the gun carries none - ![](https://unicum.gg/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Feu-wotp.wgcdn.co%2Fdcont%2Ftankopedia_images%2Fr146_stg_tday%2Fr146_stg_tday_icon.svg&w=64&q=75) [STG Guard](https://unicum.gg/eu/tanks/guard.md) Tier VIII· 45 battles 2,239the gun carries none ## Raiz\_\_Up’s clans history 7 clans · 3y 11mo in clans [](https://unicum.gg/eu/clans/LUSID.md)[](https://unicum.gg/eu/clans/FEDES.md)[](https://unicum.gg/eu/clans/P_BR.md)[](https://unicum.gg/eu/clans/P_BR.md)[![](https://unicum.gg/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Feu.wargaming.net%2Fclans%2Fmedia%2Fclans%2Femblems%2Fcl_537%2F500223537%2Femblem_195x195.png&w=48&q=75)NP\_UA](https://unicum.gg/eu/clans/NP_UA.md)[](https://unicum.gg/eu/clans/LS-TM.md)[![](https://unicum.gg/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Feu.wargaming.net%2Fclans%2Fmedia%2Fclans%2Femblems%2Fcl_537%2F500223537%2Femblem_195x195.png&w=48&q=75)NP\_UA](https://unicum.gg/eu/clans/NP_UA.md) Aug 201720192020202120222023202420252026today | Tag | Name | Role | From | To | Duration | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | [\[LUSID\]](https://unicum.gg/eu/clans/LUSID.md) | [![LUSID emblem](https://unicum.gg/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Feu.wargaming.net%2Fclans%2Fmedia%2Fclans%2Femblems%2Fcl_117%2F500243117%2Femblem_195x195.png&w=48&q=75)LUSID](https://unicum.gg/eu/clans/LUSID.md) | Junior Officer | 17 Aug 2026 | current | 1 month | | [\[FEDES\]](https://unicum.gg/eu/clans/FEDES.md) | [![FEDES emblem](https://unicum.gg/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Feu.wargaming.net%2Fclans%2Fmedia%2Fclans%2Femblems%2Fcl_616%2F500256616%2Femblem_195x195.png&w=48&q=75)💰Full Readiness💰](https://unicum.gg/eu/clans/FEDES.md) | Combat Officer | 18 May 2026 | 15 Aug 2026 | 3 months | | [\[P\_BR\]](https://unicum.gg/eu/clans/P_BR.md) | [![P\_BR emblem](https://unicum.gg/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Feu.wargaming.net%2Fclans%2Fmedia%2Fclans%2Femblems%2Fcl_359%2F500243359%2Femblem_195x195.png&w=48&q=75)Psihi Brothers](https://unicum.gg/eu/clans/P_BR.md) | Recruitment Officer | 30 Jan 2026 | 17 May 2026 | 4 months | | [\[P\_BR\]](https://unicum.gg/eu/clans/P_BR.md) | [![P\_BR emblem](https://unicum.gg/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Feu.wargaming.net%2Fclans%2Fmedia%2Fclans%2Femblems%2Fcl_359%2F500243359%2Femblem_195x195.png&w=48&q=75)Psihi Brothers](https://unicum.gg/eu/clans/P_BR.md) | Intelligence Officer | 21 Sep 2025 | 29 Jan 2026 | 4 months | | [\[NP\_UA\]](https://unicum.gg/eu/clans/NP_UA.md) | [![NP\_UA emblem](https://unicum.gg/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Feu.wargaming.net%2Fclans%2Fmedia%2Fclans%2Femblems%2Fcl_537%2F500223537%2Femblem_195x195.png&w=48&q=75)NEPTUNE\_UA](https://unicum.gg/eu/clans/NP_UA.md) | Executive Officer | 18 Dec 2024 | 16 Sep 2025 | 9 months | | [\[LS-TM\]](https://unicum.gg/eu/clans/LS-TM.md) | [![LS-TM emblem](https://unicum.gg/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Feu.wargaming.net%2Fclans%2Fmedia%2Fclans%2Femblems%2Fcl_318%2F500230318%2Femblem_195x195.png&w=48&q=75)LiFe-StyLe](https://unicum.gg/eu/clans/LS-TM.md) | Recruitment Officer | 18 Sep 2024 | 16 Dec 2024 | 3 months | | [\[NP\_UA\]](https://unicum.gg/eu/clans/NP_UA.md) | [![NP\_UA emblem](https://unicum.gg/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Feu.wargaming.net%2Fclans%2Fmedia%2Fclans%2Femblems%2Fcl_537%2F500223537%2Femblem_195x195.png&w=48&q=75)NEPTUNE\_UA](https://unicum.gg/eu/clans/NP_UA.md) | Executive Officer | 20 Sep 2022 | 16 Sep 2024 | 2 years | ## Navigation - [unicum.gg](https://unicum.gg/index.md) - [Discord](https://discord.gg/Hqbfb8YPbU) - [GitHub](https://github.com/unicum-gg/unicum.gg) ## Indexes - [llms.txt](https://unicum.gg/llms.txt): the API, the MCP server and the other machine-readable surfaces. - [llms-full.txt](https://unicum.gg/llms-full.txt): the same, with every endpoint's parameters inline. - [sitemap.md](https://unicum.gg/sitemap.md): every section of the site, down to the individual pages.